Mandatory Health Insurance (Zorgverzekeringswet) in Netherlands

The Netherlands operates a mandatory private health insurance system under the Zorgverzekeringswet (Zvw), enacted in 2006. Every resident is legally required to purchase a basic health insurance package from a private insurer, with premiums averaging €120-140 per month for adults. Children under 18 are covered free of charge under a parent's policy. The government provides means-tested healthcare allowance (zorgtoeslag) to individuals and families earning below certain income thresholds, currently up to approximately €38,520 for singles.

The basic package (basispakket) is defined by the government and covers GP visits, hospital care, prescription drugs, mental healthcare, maternity care, and medical aids. All insurers must accept every applicant regardless of health status, and the basic package contents are identical across all insurers. Competition occurs on premium price, service quality, and supplementary coverage options. Approximately 84% of Dutch residents also purchase supplementary insurance (aanvullende verzekering) for services not in the basic package.

Every insured adult pays a mandatory deductible (eigen risico) of €385 per year before insurance coverage begins for most services. GP visits, maternity care, and care for children under 18 are exempt from the deductible. Policyholders can voluntarily increase their deductible up to €885 for a premium discount. Additionally, employers contribute through an income-dependent contribution of approximately 6.68% of wages, paid directly to the tax authorities.